Automatic musical instrument



June 16, 193 1. s. LbcKwboD 1,810,359.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT Original Filed Dec. 13, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet1 June 16, 1931. L. s. LOCKWOOD AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT OriginalFiled Dec. 15, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 16, 1931 UNITEDSTATESPATENT OFFICE LOUIS LOCKWOOD, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TOTHE RUDOLPH. WURLITZER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEWYORK, A

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK AUTOMATTC MU SIGAL INSTRUMENT Application filedDecember 13, 1926, Serial No. 154,385. Renewed April 9, 1931.

This invention relates to the controlling devices of automatic musicalinstruments and more particularly organs and similar instrumentscontrolled by a music roll and tracker and having numerous stops andother movable parts which must be actuated during the playing of a givencomposition.

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of a simple andcompact cont-rollin mechanism for effecting the drawing and cancellingof various stops and other parts in the instrument through the medium ofa minimum number of tracker-openings.

Other objects of the invention reside in the construction andarrangement of parts hereinafter described and more particularly pointedout in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of anautomatic musical instrument, such as an organ, embodying my invention.Figure 2 is an enlarged side elevation of one of the stop switches ormotor pneumatics. Figure 3 is a similar view of one of the pilotpneumatics. Figure 4 is a sectional view of the normally closed rockerswitch. Figure 5, is a sectional View of one of the retaining stopaction units.

' Similar characters of vreference indicate corresponding partsthroughout the several views.

In its general organization, this invention consists of a player stopaction which is controlled by the note sheet through a plurality ofperforations arranged to register with corresponding tracker-openings,and a retaining stop action which operates in conjunction with theplayer stop action, first to maintain the automatically selected stopsor other parts to be actuated on, and second to cancel such selectedstops when the next series or combination of note sheet perforationsregister with corresponding tracker-openings to bring on different stopsor possibly the repetition of previous stops with new ones, as calledfor by the composition being played.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, 10 indicates a tracker ofordinary construction having the customary note holes 11, and 12 thenote sheet. The manual keys are indicated at 13, each key "havingassociated therewith a pair of contacts (not shown) connected to wires14 and 15, the wire 14 leading to the feed wire 16 of the generator 17and the wire 15 leading to one of the poles of the correspondingelectromagnet 18 of an ordinary pneumaticallycontrolled relay action,the other pole of said electromagnet being connected to the return wire19 of the hereinafter described. When the circuit including one of saidelectromagnets 26 is closed, it operates a pneumatic 27 in the wellknownmannerto shift the respective rocker switch to on position, itsterminals making contact with the usual contact strips 28 which areconnected by wires 29 to the electromagnets 30 in the pipe chests, thusbringing the corresponding stop of pipes on ready for playing when themusic perforations in the note sheet register with the tracker ducts.

In addition to the note ducts 11, which are connected to the usualcorresponding electro-pneumatic actions 11 of the relay circuit, thetracker is provided with a plurality of openings 31 at one end andopenings 32 at the, other end, which, when uncovered by correspondingperforations 33, 34 in the 'note sheet 12, function to control variousinstrumentalities in the organ, such as the stops and other parts,through the medium of the player stop action and the retaining stopaction above referred to. The player stop action is preferablyconstructed as follows y 35, 36 indicate two motor pneumatics whichactuate or control the organ stops or other parts to be actuated and 37,38 two pilot pneumatics which control the action of said moe tors. Whiletwo of such motor and control elements together with companion openings31, 32 are shown in the drawings, a suiiicient number are employed inpractice according to the number of stops and other parts to beactuated. Each 01 the motor pneumatics 35, 3G is controlled by anysuitable or well-known pneumatic valve unit, that shown in the drawiugs, comprising the customary valve chamber 39 connected by a port10 with the atmosphere and by a port all with the exhaust chamber 42; aduplex valve 13 controlling said ports; a passage ii connecting theinterior of the pneumatic motor with the valvechamber; adiaphragm 4:5controlling the duplex valve and a conduit 1 leading from the chamberbeneath the diaphragm to the companion tracker o ening 31. Each of thepilot pneumatics 07, 38 is controlled by a similar valve unit, indicatedgenerally by the numeral 47 and connected by a conduit 18 with thecompanion tracker-opening 32. Both the pilot and motor pneumatics arenormally inflated and are deflated when the perforations 33, in the notesheet register with the corresponding openings 31, 32 in the tracker.Vhen thus deflated, these pneu matics act to establish electriccircuits, the pilot pneumatics controlling the opening and closing ofthe motor pneumatic circuits which in turn are connected to the circuitsof the retaining stop action.

For this purpose, each pilot pneumatic 37, 38 carries a contact yoke.29, which in the col lapsed condition of such pneumatic, bridges aplurality of contact wires 50, 51, while each motor pneumatic 35, 36carries a contact yoke or yokes 52 adapted to bridge contact wires 53,54 when such motor is collapsed, The contact wire is connected by a wire50 to the generator feed wire 16 while the companion contact wires 51are connected to the corresponding contact wires 53 by conductors 55,the contact wires 5-1 being joined to conductors 56 leading to thecircuit of the retaining stop action presently to be described.

This retaining sto 9' action preferably con o l? a wind chest 57 whichcontains as many pneumatics 58 as there are stops or other parts in theorgan to be actuated. Each of such pneumatics is in communication withthe wind chest through a passage 59 controlled by an electro-pneumaticvalve 60, so that when the magnet 61 thereof is energized, thecorresponding pneumatic is collapsed. The conductor 56 leading fromcorresponding contact wire o l of one of the motor pneumatics isconnected to one of the poles of the companion electromagnet 61, theother pole being connected by a wire 62 to the generator return wire 19.Thus, whenever a motor pneumatic 35 or 36 is caused to collapse at thesame time a companion pilot pneumatic 37 or 38 is collapsed, the circuitincluding the corresponding magnet 61 is closed, and the pneumatic 58controlled thereby is deflated.

The latter carries a contact yoke 63 adapted to bridge three contacts64:, 65 and 66 in the collapsed condition of its pneumatic. The contact(it is connected by a wire 67 with the generator feed wire 16, thecontact 65 is connected by a wire 68 to the corresponding stop actionelcctromagnet 26, and the contact 66 is connected by a wire 69 to aswitch indicated generally at 70 and functioning to normally completethe circuit of the magnet 61 to retain the corresponding stop in theorgan in its on position and to momentarily break such circuit to cancelor discontinue such stop while bringing on others or even repeating thisstop at a predetermined point in the travel oi? the note sheet.

The switch 70 is preferably of the ordinary rocker type, similar to thatshown at 25 for governing the stops in the organ, and includes a rock gswitch-head. 71 carrying a plurality oi contacts 2 adapted to engagecompanion contact strips 73. Each of the latter is connected by the wire69 to the contact (36 of the corresponding retaining stop actionpneumatic 58, while the companion switch-contact 72 is connected by awire 7% to the wire 56 leading to the electromagnet 61 controlling saidpneumatic. This switch is normally closed to maintain the circuitthrough the magnet 1 and thus retain the selected stops in the organ onafter the perforations 33, 3% in the note sheet have passed thecorresponding tracker ducts 31, 32, a spring 75 applied to the actuatingarm 76 ot' the switchhead serving to hold the latter in its raisedposition with its contacts 7 2 engaged with the strips 7 3. Themomentary breaking of the circuit at the switch 70 to cancel a stop thathas been on is automatically effected during the collapse of the pilotpneumatic 37 or 38 by the following mechanism 77 indicates a wind chestcontaining an electromagnet 78 which operates a disk valve 79 thatsupplies air from the chest through a passage 80 to a pneumatic 81,which in turn actuates a duplex valve 82 controlling the supply of airfrom the wind chest through a passage 83 leading to a pneumatic 8%connected by a link 85 with the arm 7 6 of the rocker switch-head 71.The energizing of said electromagnet results in the inflation of thepneumatic 84 which acts to rock the switch-head to its oil position.Each pilot pneumatic 37, 38, in addition. to carrying the contact yoke49 for bridging the contacts 50, 51, also carries a yieldable contactarm 86 on its movable board, which, during the collapse of suchpneumatic is adapted to momentarily engage a hook-shaped contact 87applied to the opposing movable board oi? a retarder bellows 88. Thepilot pneumatic is normally inflated by a spring 89, while the retarderbellows is held in a deflated condition by said pilot pneumatic throughthe medium of the contact arm 86 hearing against it, as shown in a asFig. 3. Said retarder bellows also has a spring 90 applied thereto forexpanding it as the pilot pneumatic is deflated, but this spring isweaker than the spring 89 of said pilot pneumatic so as not to resistits inflation. The bellows has a bleed hole 91 for regulating theretarding action thereof. The contacts 86, 87 constitute the elements ofa switch and are included in the circuit of theelectromagnet 78controlling the switch 70, the con tact arm 86 being connected by a wire92 to one pole of said magnet and the companion contact 87 beingconnected by a wire 93 to the generator feed wire 16, while the othermagnet-pole is connected by a wire 94 to the generator return wire 19.

By this arrangement, when the pilot pneumatic is collapsed, its contactarm 86 engages the hook-shaped contact 87 of the bellows 88, therebyclosing the circuit including the electromagnet 78 and opening theswitch 70. Immediately after this action has taken place, and while saidcontacts 86, 87 are closed, the contact yoke 49 of the pilot pneumaticengages the contacts 50, 51 and thereby closes the circuit including theelectromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action. By reason of the retardedexpanding movement of the bellows 88, it is not fully expanded when thepilot pneumatic is fully collapsed, but its spring 90 continues to urgeit to such position and during this period the contacts 86, 87 arebroken or separated while the contacts 49, 50, 51 are still closed, withthe result that the magnet 78 is deenergize'd and the switch controlledby it is returned to its normally closed position. Hence, when amotorpneumatic 35, 36 is collapsed simultaneously with that of a companionpilot pneumatic, as is the case in the automatic selection of a certainstop or stops in the organ, the closing of the contacts 49, 50, 51completes the circuit through the contact yoke 52 and contacts 53, 54and electromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action, thereby collapsingthe pneumatic 58 of the latter and closing the circuit across itscontacts 64, 65, 66 to bring the desired stops on. The circuit thusestablished to effect this result includes the feed wire 16, wire 67,contact 64, contact yoke 63, contact 65 and thence over wire 68 to theelectromagnet 26 of the stop action.

It will therefore be understood, that for a brief period,'the circuitincluding the electromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action will beclosed at two points, viz through the switch 7 Oand contacts of thepilot pneumatic 37, 38' and the companion motor pneumatic 35, 36. Themoment, however, that these companion elements are inflated, by reasonof the note sheet perforations 33, 34 having passed the correspondingtracker ducts 31, 32, the circuit is broken at the contacts 49, 50, 51and also at the contacts 52, 53, 54, but it is still retained at theswitch 70 byreason of the circuit controlling it having been closedprior to the breaking of the circuit at the contacts just mentioned. Thecircuit thus retained for keeping the selected stop on for the requiredperiod called for by the composition being played, includes the feedwire 16, wire 67 ,-contact 64, contact yoke 63, contact 66, wire 69,contact strip 73 and contact 72, (switch 70) wire 74, wire 75,electromagnet 61 and thence by the wire 62 to the generator return wire19.

Upon the inflation of the pilot pneumatic to its normal position, thecontact arm 86 thereof immediately returns to the movable board of thebellows 88, thus collapsing the latter With said contact arm remainingclear of the hook-shaped contact 87.

Briefly stated, the operation of this mechanism is as follows V a Whenthe instrument is at rest, the stop switch motor pneumatics 35,36 andthe pilot pneumatics 37, 38 are in their inflated position; thepneumatic 58 of the retaining stop action are in their inflatedposition; the rocker switch 70 including the elements 72, 73 is closed;and the various circuits controlled by these enumerated parts are open.

Now assume a music roll to be placed in position and the instrumentstarted. lVhen the stop controlling perforations 33, 34 at oppositesides of the note sheet 12 register with corresponding openings 31, 32in the tracker 10,- the corresponding motor pneumatic and pilotpneumatic are collapsed in the manner heretofore described. The collapseof the pilot pneumatic prepares the way for the operation of the otherparts of the mechanism, particularly the companion motor pneumatic orpneumatics, and it functions, first, to momentarily open the switch 70and cancel or throw off any stops in the organ which might have been on.However, in this instance, the instrument has just been started andtherefore there are no stops on and the switch simply is snapped off andon without affecting any parts which it controls. The second functionresulting from the collapse of the pilot pneumatic is to close itscontacts 50, 51. The companion motor pneumatic being also collapsed andits contacts 53, 54 being closed, a circuit is thus established toenergize the electromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action and collapsethe corresponding pneumatic 58 so that its contact yoke 63 closes orbridges the contacts 64, 65, 66. The circuit thus completed by thesimultaneous collapse of the pilot pneumatic and its companion motorpneumatic includes the generator feed wire 16, contact 50, contact yoke49, contact 51, conductor 55, contact 53, contact yoke 52, contact 54,wire 56,

electromagnet 61 and thence by wire 62 to the generator return wire 19.The collapse of the corresponding pneumatic 58 of the retaining stopaction brings onthe desired ,stop

in the organ in the manner heretofore described. After the perforations33, have passed the tracker-openings 31, 32, both the pilot pneumaticand the companion motor pneumatic are inflated and their electriccontacts are broken, but the retaining pneun ic remains collapsed andthe corresponding stop maintained on, due to the fact that thecontrollin magnet 61 of said retaining pneumatic is still energizedthrough the circuit including the switch 70, which was previously openedand closed during the collapse of the pilot pneumatic in the mannerheretofore elaborated upon.

heir the next set of stop perforations in the note sheet uncovercorresponding ducts in the tracker, the switch is momentarily openedwith the resultthat the retaining stop action pneumatic 58, which hasbeen on is inflated, its contacts 64;, 5, (36 are broken and the stop itcontrols is cancelled or moved to oil position. The stop or stops nextto be selected are then drawn in the manner set forth in the precedingparagraph.

While only two motor penumatics 85, 36 and two pilot pneumatics 37, 38have beer shown in the drawings to illustrate my invention, these partsare multiplied as required, in practice, according to the number ofsteps or other parts to be operated. For example, I have used four pilotpneuinatics and twenty motor pneumatics operated by a correspondingnumber of tracker ducts, whereby eighty stop eli iccts from twentytourtracker ducts have been obtained. Two pilot penumatics have been used inconauction with sir; motor pneuinatics to obtain twelve grades ofexpression.

This improved automatic stop retaining mechanism is simple and compactin con struction and positive and reliable in operation.

I claim as my invention 1. An automatic musical instrument, comprising atracker having the usual note ducts and two openings arranged outsidethe zone oi. such ducts, a stop to be actuated, a player stop actionrendered operative by the simultaneous uncovering of saidtracker-opcniiugs. a retaining stop action operatively connected withthe player stop action, and means con trolled by said player stop actionfor momentarily rendering; the retaining stop action. in operative andthen operative during; the simultaneous uncovering i said openings andfor continuing to maintain the latter opera-- tive while thetracker-openings are covered.

2. An automatic musical instrument, coinprisin a tracker having theusual note ducts and two openings arranged outside the zone of suchducts, a device to be actuated, pneumatics connected with thetracker-openings and adapted to be simultaneously actuated when suchopenings are uncovered and covcred, and means controlled by saidpneuniatics for successively rendering said device inactive, it active,and then active when the tracker-openings are simultaneously uncoveredand for retaining the device active while such openings are covered.

3. An automatic musical instrument, co1n prising a tracier l'iavingtheusual note ducts and two control openings, in horizontal line therewitha device to be actuator pncumatics connected with the tracker-openingsand adapted to be simultaneously actuated when such openings areuncovered and covered, means controlled by said. Pneumatics fortempcraril rendering," said device operative when the tracker-openingsconnected therewith are simultaneously uncovered, and means controlledby one of said pneumatics for retaining said first-named means and thedevice actua ed thereby operative when the tracher-opcnu are covered.

4:. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tra her having theusual note ducts and a pair of control openings, arranged out side thezone of such ducts, an electropneumatic device to be actuated,pneumatics con nected with said tracker openings, an electric circuitincluding said electropneumatic device, 2111C. switches in said circuitcontrolled by said pneumatics, the latter being actuated to close saidswitches when said pair of traclzer-openings is simultaneously uncoveredto render said electro"pneumatic device operative.

5. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a. tracker having theusual note open.- ings and a pair or control openings, arranged outsidethe zone of said ducts, an clectro-pneumatic device to be actuated,pneumatics connected with said tracker openings, an electric circuitincluding said electro-pncumatic device, switches in said circuitcontrolled by said pneumatics, the latter being actuated to close saidswitches when said pair of tracker-openings is sinniltaneously uncoveredto render said electro-pneulnatic device operative, and means for maintaining such device operative when said openings are covered.

6. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pairof openings, an elcctro-pneuntiatic device to be actuated, pneumaticsconnected with said tracker opening, an electric circuit inchuliugsaidelectropneuinatic device, switches in said circuit controlled by saidpneuinatics, the tter being actuated to close said switches when saidpair of traclnropenings uncovered to render said electr -pncumaticdevice operative and to open sai switches when the openings are covered,and a make and break device in said circuit controlled by one of saidpneumatics and normally closing the circuit to maintain said deviceoperative when said openings are covered.

7. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pairof openings, an electro-pneumatic device to be actuated, pneumaticsconnected with said tracker openings, an electric circuit includingsaidelectro-pneumatic device, switches in said circuit controlled by saidpneumatics, the latter being actuated to close said switches when saidpair of tracker-openings is uncovered to render said electro-pneumaticdevice operative, and to open said switches when the openings arecovered, and a normally closed switch in saidcircuit controlled by oneof said pneumatics and arranged to be momentarily opened before saidfirst-named pneumatic switches are closed to render the device inoperative during'the initial uncovering of the tracker openings, saidswitch being closed during and after the closing and opening of thepneumatic switches to retain the device ope'ative when thetracker-openings are cov ere 8. An automatic musical instrument,comprising a tracker having two openings, an electro-pneumaticallyoperated device to be actuated, pneumatics connected with saidtracker-openings, a retaining pneumatic controlled by said first-namedpneumatics, an electric circuit including said device, switches actuatedby said tracker-pneumatics and said retaining pneumatic and included insaid circuit, the tracker-pneumatics being simultaneously actuated toclose their corresponding switches when said tracker-openings areuncovered whereby said retaining pneumatic is actuated to close itsswitch and render said device operative, and a normally closed switch insaid circuit for maintaining said retaining pneumatic on when thetrackeropenings are covered, said switch being controlled by one of saidtracker pneumatics for momentarily breaking said circuit and renderingthe device inoperative.

9. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-open ing, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point andbroken at a plurality of points, and switches controlled by said pilotpneumatic and said motor pneumatic'for closing said circuit at suchplurality of points when said openings are uncovered.

10. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point andbroken at a plurality of points, switches controlled by said pilotpneumatic and said motor pneumatic for closing said circuit at suchplurality of points when said openings'are uncovered, and means formomentarily breaking said normally closed circuitpoint when saidopenings are uncovered and at a predetermined time relative to theclosing of said plurality of circuit points; Y

11.'Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point andbroken at a plurality of points, switchescontrolled by said pilotpneumatic and said motor pneumatic for closing said circuit at suchplurality of points when said openings are uncovered, andelectropneumatic means controlled by one of said pneumatics formomentarily breaking said normally closed circuit-point at apredetermined time in the uncovering of the trackeropenings.

12. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument,comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point andbroken at a plurality of points, switches controlled by said pilotpneumatic and said motor pneumatic for closing said circuit at such aplurality of points when said openings are uncovered, and means includedin said circuit for controlling the part to be actuated, said meansbeing rendered operative to selectively actuate said part when saidpneumatic switches are closed and to be retained operative though saidnormally-closed circuit-point when said openings are covered.

13. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilot-opening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled'byeach pneumaticya normally closed switch controlled by one of saidpneumatics, and means in said circuit for rendering said partsucessively inoperative and operative when said normally closed switchis momentarily opened and said normally open switches are closed duringthe uncovering of the tracker-openings, said part being retainedoperative while said openings are covered by the circuit established byits operating means and said normally closed switch.

14. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and aniotonopening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-oped ing, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled byeach pneumatic, a normally closed switch controlled by one of saidpneumatics and means in said circuit controlled by said switches forrendering said part sucessively inoperative and operative when saidtrackopenings are uncovered and for retaining the same operative whilethe openings are covered.

15. Fillechanism tor actuating and controlling a part of aautomaticmusical instrument, con'iprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, an electric circuitincludin the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled byeach pneumatic, means in cluded in said circuit for governing the partto be actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumaticswitches are closed by the uncovering of their correspendingtracker-openings, a normall closed switch included in he circuit of saidgoverning means for retaining the same operative while saidtracheropenings are covered, and means controlled by said pilotpneumatic tor momentarily opening the normally closed switch atapredetermined time in the uncovering ot the tracker-openings.

16. hlliechanism :tor actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled byeach pneumatic, means included in said circuit for governing the part tobe actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumaticswitches are closed by the uncovering of their correspondingtracker-openings, a normally closed switch included in the circuit ofsaid governing means for retaining the same operative while saidtracker-openings are covered, and clectro-pneumatic means controlled bysaid pilot pneumatic for momentarily opening the i'iormall closed switchduring the initial uncovering of the crackero ienings and while saidpneumatic switches are ope l7. Mechanism for actuating and control linga part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a racker having apilotpening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by thepilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, anelectric circuit including the part to be actuated, a normally openswitch controlled by each pneumatic, means included in said circuit forgoverning the part to be actuated, said means being rendered operativewhen said pneumatic switches are closed by the uncovering of theircorresponding tracker-openings, a normally closed switch included in thecircuit of said governing means for retaining the same operative whilesaid tracker-openings are covered, and a make and break device formomentarily opening the normally closed switch to cancel the operationof said actuated part, said device being controlled by said pilotpneumatic during the uncovering of the tracker-openings.

18. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotoi.'opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled byeach pneumatic, means included in said circuit for overning the part tobe actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumaticswitches are closed by the IlIlCOVQllllg of their correspondingtrackeropenings, a normally closed switch included in the circuit of,aid overning means for retaining the same operative whi c saidtraclienopenings are covered, electr -pneumatic means for momentarilyopening the normally closed switch during the uncovering of thetracker-openings, a normally open auxiliary circuit including saidelectropneumatie means, and a make and break device included in saidauxiliary circuit and controlled by said pilot 'mcumatic torn1omentarily closing such circuit.

19. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneu matic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuitincluding the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled byeach pneumatic, means included in said circuit for governing the part tobe actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumaticswitches are closed by the uncovering of their correspondingtracker-openings, a normally closed switch included in the circuit ofsaid governing means for retaining the same operative while saidtracker-openings are covered, and means con trolled by the pilotpneumatic for momentarily opening the normally closed switch at apredetermined time in the uncovering ot the tracker openings, includingan auxiliary circuit, an electro-Inagnet therein for actuating saidnormally closed switch, a bellows normally held deflated by said pilotpneumatic and carrying a contact element, and a companion contactelement carried by the pilot pneumatic, said element being included insaid auxiliary circuit and arranged to close the same to open thenormally-closed switch when said pilot pneumatic is actuated by theuncovering of its tracker-hole.

20. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having aplurality of openings in addition to the music holes, a plurality ofparts to be selectively rendered operative by the uncovering of saidopenings, electropneumatic actions for governing the actuation of saidparts, and means whereby said governing actions will be momentarilyactuated to successively render the parts as a whole inoperative whentwo or more of said tracker-openings are simultaneously uncovered andthe selected parts corresponding to such uncovered openings operative.

21. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having aplurality of openings in addition to the music holes, a plurality ofparts to be selectively rendered operative by the uncovering of saidopenings, electropneumatic actions for governing the actuation of saidparts, means whereby said governing actions will be momentarily actuatedto successively render the parts as a whole inoperative when two or moreof said trackeropenings are simultaneously uncovered and the selectedparts corresponding to such uncovered openings operative, and means forretaining those governing actions corresponding to the selected parts intheir operative positions while such tracker-openings are covered.

22. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having aplurality of openings in addition to the music holes, a device to beactuated, means for temporarily rendering said device operative when atleast two of the tracker-openings are simultaneously uncovered, andmeans for continuing the uninterrupted operation of said device whensuch openings are covered and for rendering it inoperative when the same.or different trackeropenings are uncovered.

23. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, and means renderedoperative to actuate said part when said pilot pneumatic and said motorpneumatic are simultaneously operated by the uncovering of theircorresponding tracker-openings.

24. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-openmeans controlled by one ofsaid pneumatics for retaining said part-actuated means in its ings arecovered.

25. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automaticmusical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and amotor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotorpneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, means rendered operative toactuate said part when the pilot and motor pneumatics are simultaneouslyoperated by the uncovering of their corresponding tracker-openings, andan on and off device controlled by one of said pneumatics formaintaining said partactuated means operative when said openings arecovered, said device being normally on and rendered temporarily 01fduring the uncoveringof the corresponding trackeropening.

26. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having noteducts and a pair of controlling ducts arranged out of the zone of saidnote ducts, all of said ducts be ing governed by a music sheet, a partto be actuated, and means for controlling the operation of said part bythe simultaneous uncovering of said pair of controlling ducts. V

27. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having noteducts and a pair of controlling ducts arranged out of the zone of saidnote ducts, all of said ducts being governed by the music sheet, a partto be actuated, pneumatic actions controlled by the simultaneousuncovering of said pair of controlling ducts for rendering said partoperative, and means governed by said pneumatic actions for maintainingsaid part operative after the subsequent covering of said pair ofcontrolling ducts.

28. Anautomatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having noteducts and a pair of controlling ducts arranged out of the zone of saidnote ducts, all of said ducts being governed by the music sheet, a stopto be actuated, electro-pneumatic actions connected with said pair ofcontrolling ducts to be simultaneously actuated when the latter areuncovered, and means controlled by said actions for successivelyrendering said stop inactive, it active, and then active when thecontrolling ducts are uncovered and for retaining the stop active whilesuch openings are covered.

29. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having noteducts and a plurality of pairs of controlling ducts arranged out of thezone of said note ducts, and a plurality of stop actions controlled bythe sioperative position after said tracker-open- ,IHUltELDGOUSIIIDCOVGIlDg of a corresponding pair of controlling ducts.

30. An autonmtic musical instrument, comprising a. tracker 1] Wing noteducts and a plw mllty of pairs of controlling ducts arrange l out of thezone of said note ducts, a plurality of stog actions renderedtemporarily operative the SllDHltflIIGOUS uncovering of a correspondingpair of controlling ducts, and M means for nmilrminlng the selected stopactions operative upon the subsequent covering of such controllingducts.

LOUIS S. LOCKVJOOD.

